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In Hinduism, the Rudra Sampradaya is one of four Vaishnava sampradayas, a tradition of disciplic succession in the religion. Vaishnavism is distinguished from other schools of Hinduism by its primary worship of deities Vishnu and/or Krishna and their Avatars as the Supreme forms of God. The ascetic Vishnuswami formed the Rudra-Sampradaya,〔(The Sadhus and Indian Civilisation ) By Vijay Prakash Sharma〕〔(Vaisnavism: Contemporary Scholars Discuss the Gaudiya Tradition ) Steven Rosen〕 though the sampradaya is believed to have traced its origins to the Hindu deity Shiva, also known as Rudra, who passed on the knowledge imparted to him by Vishnu (or Krishna), on mankind. According to Vaishnavism, Shiva, who has the Shaivism school dedicated to his worship as the Supreme God, is the first and foremost Vaishnava, or follower of Vishnu. According to the tradition, Vishnuswami was fifteenth in the line of passing of the knowledge from teacher to student. The date of formation of the sampradaya is disputed. While James Hastings dates Vishnuswami to the early 15th century,〔(Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics Part 4 By James Hastings p.545 )〕 and Carl Olson dates him to the 13th century, followers of the sampradaya says that Vishnuswami was born 4500 years earlier.〔(The Many Colors of Hinduism: A Thematic-Historical Introduction By Carl Olson p.175 )〕 Not much about the historical Vishnuswami is known and all his works are thought to have been lost in time. The earliest converts were from Gujarat in western India. The beliefs of the sampradaya was further propagated by Vallabha Acharya (1479–1531). Rudra sampradaya has two main divisions: Vishnuswamis, that is, followers of Vishnuswami and the Vallabhas or Pushtimarg sect, founded by Vallabha. According to William Deadwyler, the sampradaya has disappeared, except for the Pushtimarg group.〔(William Deadwyler in ''Vaisnavism: Contemporary Scholars Discuss the Gaudiya Tradition'' pp.128–9 )〕 The philosophy of the sampradaya is Shuddhadvaita, or pure monism. ==See also== *Pushtimarg *Adi Shankara *Rudra 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rudra Sampradaya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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